This indicator was developed to encourage inquiry into civic engagement, such as military service, public demonstrations, and political activism, to shape the identity of modern South Carolina. This indicator was also written to encourage inquiry into South Carolinians’ use of the court system and legislation to affect South Carolina’s post-World War II identity.

Grade(s): 8

Subject(s): Social Studies

Year: 2019

Content Type
Victoria Way DeLee (1925-2010) | Road Trip

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Victoria Way DeLee (1925-2010) | Road Trip
Victoria Way DeLee, Courtesy of Modern Political Collection, USC Considered a grass roots activist, Victoria Way DeLee's fervent faith in God and her early childhood experiences fueled her involvement...
Dr. Albert N. Thompson | Road Trip

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Dr. Albert N. Thompson | Road Trip
Dr. Albert N. Thompson is shown as a young teacher instructing a 4th grade class in Richland County. Photo courtesy of Cecil Williams. In September 1944, Thompson, who was then teaching at Booker T...
John Wesley Stroman | Road Trip

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John Wesley Stroman | Road Trip
John Wesley Stroman was a student leader at SC State during the student protests. Cleveland Sellers has erroneously been identified as the leader of the students at South Carolina State when it was...
Willie T. Smith, Jr. (1920-2002) | Road Trip

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Willie T. Smith, Jr. (1920-2002) | Road Trip
Born in Sumter, and reared in Columbia, the Honorable Willie T. Smith was at the forefront of the civil rights movement in South Carolina. He served on the NAACP legal team that included Harvey Gantt...
Cleveland Sellers | Road Trip

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Cleveland Sellers | Road Trip
In 1968, Sellers was then a student at Harvard University. He was visiting Orangeburg as a recruiter for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). On the night of February eighth, he...
Irene Sampson Williams (1937-2011) | Road Trip

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Irene Sampson Williams (1937-2011) | Road Trip
In 1965 Mrs. Irene Williams, a home economics and family living teacher at Manchester High School, sued Sumter County School District 2. Despite a stellar record, the district refused to tell her why...
Donald J. Sampson (1919-2001) | Road Trip

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Donald J. Sampson (1919-2001) | Road Trip
A native of Sumter, SC, Donald J. Sampson practiced law in Greenville and his sisters, Irene S. Williams and twin, Dorothy remained in Sumter. Both he and Dorothy were civil rights lawyers and...
Bernice Robinson (1914-1994) | Road Trip

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Bernice Robinson (1914-1994) | Road Trip
A veteran in the civil rights movement, Bernice Robinson's outstanding voter education work contributed to the election of many African American public officials in the South. The native Charlestonian...
Robert John Palmer (1926-1995) | Road Trip

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Robert John Palmer (1926-1995) | Road Trip
From the 1960s until the early 1980s Palmer was very active in political, civic and religious activities in the state. His generosity was extended to individuals and various organizations like the...
Rev. I. DeQuincey Newman (1911-1985) | Road Trip

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Rev. I. DeQuincey Newman (1911-1985) | Road Trip
Born in Darlington County, the Rev. Isaiah DeQuincey Newman was one of South Carolina's most respected leaders. For more than 40 years he was one of the most influential leaders in the civil rights...
Fred Moore | Road Trip

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Fred Moore | Road Trip
Photo courtesy of Cecil Williams. Fred Moore is pictured at the podium in White Hall on the campus of South Carolina State College speaking to his fellow students about civil rights activities in...
Henri Monteith Treadwell | Road Trip

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Henri Monteith Treadwell | Road Trip
In 1963, seventeen-year old Henri Monteith Treadwell was one of the first three black students - along with Robert Anderson and James Solomon - admitted under federal court action to the University of...
Osceola E. McKaine (1892-1955) | Road Trip

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Osceola E. McKaine (1892-1955) | Road Trip
A civil rights activist McKaine, the NAACP and the all-Black Palmetto Teachers Association attacked the issue of salary inequities for Black educators. The average salary for a White elementary school...
Joseph McDomick, Jr. | Road Trip

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Joseph McDomick, Jr. | Road Trip
Joseph McDomick, Jr. was born on May 1, 1938, in St. Francisville, Louisiana. In 1964 Judge McDomick began a thirty-year career with the Penn Center, serving as a field supervisor. Under his...
John H. McCray (1910-1987) | Road Trip

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John H. McCray (1910-1987) | Road Trip
John H. McCray, a 1931 graduate of the Avery Institute, grew up in the Lincolnville area of Charleston County. In 1938 he became editor and publisher of The Lighthouse and Informer, which in 1941...
James T. McCain (1905-2003) | Road Trip

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James T. McCain (1905-2003) | Road Trip
At age 16, James T. McCain worked to register voters in Sumter in 1921. He continued his civil rights activity while he served as the southeastern region field secretary for Congress of Racial...
Benjamin Elijah Mays (1894-1984) | Road Trip

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Benjamin Elijah Mays (1894-1984) | Road Trip
Benjamin Elijah Mays was born in the town of Epworth, southeast of Greenwood, August 1894. A son of former slaves, Mays' childhood played a key role in shaping the man that he would become. His...
Coretta Scott King (1927-2006) | Road Trip

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Coretta Scott King (1927-2006) | Road Trip
Eleven months after the murder of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., the eyes of the nation focused on Charleston, South Carolina, where a conflict developed over striking workers. On March 20, 1969 Mrs...
Rev. James M. Hinton (1891-1970) | Road Trip

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Rev. James M. Hinton (1891-1970) | Road Trip
Beginning in 1939 Rev. James M. Hinton was instrumental in organizing the state chapters of the NAACP into a more cohesive and active association. Rev. James M. Hinton served as president of the South...
Edwin Augustus Harleston (1882 - 1931) | Road Trip

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Edwin Augustus Harleston (1882 - 1931) | Road Trip
Edwin Augustus Harleston. In a life that spanned less than fifty years, he was a businessman and a civil rights leader, but in his heart, he was always an artist, a fine portrait painter. Harleston's...
Ernest A. Finney Jr. | Road Trip

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Ernest A. Finney Jr. | Road Trip
A native of Smithfield, Va, Ernest A. Finney Jr. gained respect as an exceptional civil rights advocate, defending more than 6,000 people arrested for participating in some type of civil protest. In...
Marian Wright Edelman | Road Trip

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Marian Wright Edelman | Road Trip
A native of Bennettsville, Marian Wright Edelman In the mid-1960s as a human rights activist began directing the Legal Defense and Education Fund for the Mississippi NAACP. As the first African...
Rev. J.A. DeLaine (1898-1974) | Road Trip

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Rev. J.A. DeLaine (1898-1974) | Road Trip
Described as courageous, fearless, confident, faithful, committed, humble and a man of integrity, the Rev. Joseph Armstrong DeLaine was the primary impetus behind the Clarendon County desegregation...
Ruby Pendergrass Cornwell (1902-2003) | Road Trip

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Ruby Pendergrass Cornwell (1902-2003) | Road Trip
A Charleston arts patron and gifted vocalist, Ruby Pendergrass Cornwell used her voice to make a difference in Charleston's cultural arts society. She was known as an inspiring teacher in civil rights...