Lesson Overview
Students will use engineering skills and knowledge of forces, motion, angles and simple machines to build a catapult that will hit multiple targets.
Essential Question
How can we use our knowledge of force, motion, and simple machines to design machines to hit targets?
Grade(s):
Subject(s):
Recommended Technology:
Other Instructional Materials or Notes:
5, 6
- Computers
- Interactive board/tv
- 1:1 devices
- Apps for formative assessments (Socrative, Quizlet, Quizizz, etc.)
- Presentation apps (Shadow Puppet, Google Slides, Power Point, etc.)
- Graduating Engineers and Computer Careers article, “ Fun and Games, Engineers and computer scientists are turning their passion for play into exciting careers at toy companies.” (see Lesson Resources for PDF)
- Design Squad video, “Nerf Toys” In this video, Hasbro toy engineer Amanda Bligh demonstrates how work can be play when you spend your day designing products like Nerf Hoops and Nerf Blaster.
- Catapult Design Worksheet – This worksheet guides students through the design process as they design, build, and test their catapults.
- Paired Verbal Fluency Strategy (teacher resource)-
a dialogue strategy used to engage students in an active verbal discussion. It can be used to review or summarize information or concepts previously learned or access prior knowledge or thinking about a concept or topic of study. The strategy allows students to construct their own learning and listen to the ideas of others.
- To access prior knowledge, the amount of time should increase from round to round. For example, the time would increase from 15 seconds in Round 1, to 30 seconds in Round 2, to 45 seconds in Round 3. As students’ prior knowledge is accessed, they are able to remember more and make more connections, so the longer span of time as they move from round to round is needed.
- Each group of 3-4 needs:
- 3 sheets of paper (for brainstorming)
- Markers
- Place the following materials in a clear zip-lock bag. Each group gets one bag of materials for the design stage. During the build stage they will be deciding on the quantities of materials they will need. (Each group gets only 1 base)
- cardboard base (6 x 6 inches)
- ~48 inches of masking tape
- plastic spoon
- 3 rubber bands
- 8 Popsicle sticks
- 4 straws
- 1 Ping-Pong ball
- To share with the entire class:
- targets made of cardboard or foam core board (10 points, 50 points, 100 points and 200 points)
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Log In to View LessonStandards
- Physical Science: Forces and Motion
- 5.P.5 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the factors that affect the motion of an object.
- 5.P.5A The motion of an object can be described in terms of its position, direction, and speed. The rate and motion of an object is determined by multiple factors.
- 5.P.5A.1 Use mathematical and computational thinking to describe and predict the motion of an object (including position, direction, and speed).
- 5.P.5A.2 Develop and use models to explain how the amount or type of force (contact and non-contact) affects the motion of an object.
- 5.P.5A.3 Plan and conduct controlled scientific investigations to test the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the rate and direction of motion of objects.
- 5.P.5A.4 Analyze and interpret data to describe how a change of force, a change in mass, or friction affects the motion of an object.
- 5.P.5A The motion of an object can be described in terms of its position, direction, and speed. The rate and motion of an object is determined by multiple factors.
- 5.P.5 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the factors that affect the motion of an object.
- Science and Engineering Practices
- 5.S.1 The student will use the science and engineering practices, including the processes and skills of scientific inquiry, to develop understandings of science content.
- 5.S.1A The practices of science and engineering support the development of science concepts, develop the habits of mind that are necessary for scientific thinking, and allow students to engage in science in ways that are similar to those used by scient...
- 5.S.1A.1 Ask questions used to
- 5.S.1A.2 Develop, use, and refine models to
- 5.S.1A.3 Plan and conduct controlled scientific investigations to answer questions, test hypotheses and predictions, and develop explanations:
- 5.S.1A.3.1 formulate scientific questions and testable hypotheses,
- 5.S.1A.3.2 identify materials, procedures, and variables,
- 5.S.1A.3.3 select and use appropriate tools or instruments to collect qualitative and quantitative data, and
- 5.S.1A.3.4 record and represent data in an appropriate form. Use appropriate safety procedures.
- 5.S.1A.4 Analyze and interpret data from informational texts, observations, measurements, or investigations using a range of methods (such as tabulation or graphing) to
- 5.S.1A.5 Use mathematical and computational thinking to
- 5.S.1A.6 Construct explanations of phenomena using
- 5.S.1A.7 Construct scientific arguments to support claims, explanations, or designs using evidence from observations, data, or informational texts.
- 5.S.1A.8 Obtain and evaluate informational texts, observations, data collected, or discussions to
- 5.S.1A The practices of science and engineering support the development of science concepts, develop the habits of mind that are necessary for scientific thinking, and allow students to engage in science in ways that are similar to those used by scient...
- 5.S.1 The student will use the science and engineering practices, including the processes and skills of scientific inquiry, to develop understandings of science content.
- Physical Science: Energy Transfer and Conservation
- 6.P.3 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the properties of energy, the transfer and conservation of energy, and the relationship between energy and forces.
- Science and Engineering Practices
- 6.S.1 The student will use the science and engineering practices, including the processes and skills of scientific inquiry, to develop understandings of science content.
- 6.S.1A The practices of science and engineering support the development of science concepts, develop the habits of mind that are necessary for scientific thinking, and allow students to engage in science in ways that are similar to those used by scient...
- 6.S.1A.1 Ask questions to
- 6.S.1A.2 Develop, use, and refine models to
- 6.S.1A.3 Plan and conduct controlled scientific investigations to answer questions, test hypotheses, and develop explanations:
- 6.S.1A.3.1 formulate scientific questions and testable hypotheses,
- 6.S.1A.3.2 identify materials, procedures, and variables,
- 6.S.1A.3.3 select and use appropriate tools or instruments to collect qualitative and quantitative data, and
- 6.S.1A.3.4 record and represent data in an appropriate form. Use appropriate safety procedures.
- 6.S.1A.4 Analyze and interpret data from informational texts, observations, measurements, or investigations using a range of methods (such as tabulation, graphing, or statistical analysis) to
- 6.S.1A.5 Use mathematical and computational thinking to
- 6.S.1A.6 Construct explanations of phenomena using
- 6.S.1A.7 Construct and analyze scientific arguments to support claims, explanations, or designs using evidence from observations, data, or informational texts.
- 6.S.1A.8 Obtain and evaluate scientific information to
- 6.S.1A.8.1 answer questions,
- 6.S.1A.8.2 explain or describe phenomena,
- 6.S.1A.8.3 develop models,
- 6.S.1A.8.4 evaluate hypotheses, explanations, claims, or designs or
- 6.S.1A.8.5 identify and/or fill gaps in knowledge.
- 6.S.1A.8.5a Communicate using the conventions and expectations of scientific writing or oral presentations by
- 6.S.1B Technology is any modification to the natural world created to fulfill the wants and needs of humans. The engineering design process involves a series of iterative steps used to solve a problem and often leads to the development of a new or impr...
- 6.S.1B.1 Construct devices or design solutions using scientific knowledge to solve specific problems or needs:
- 6.S.1B.1.1 ask questions to identify problems or needs,
- 6.S.1B.1.2 ask questions about the criteria and constraints of the device or solutions,
- 6.S.1B.1.3 generate and communicate ideas for possible devices or solutions,
- 6.S.1B.1.4 build and test devices or solutions,
- 6.S.1B.1.5 determine if the devices or solutions solved the problem and refine the design if needed, and
- 6.S.1B.1.6 communicate the results.
- 6.S.1B.1 Construct devices or design solutions using scientific knowledge to solve specific problems or needs:
- 6.S.1A The practices of science and engineering support the development of science concepts, develop the habits of mind that are necessary for scientific thinking, and allow students to engage in science in ways that are similar to those used by scient...
- 6.S.1 The student will use the science and engineering practices, including the processes and skills of scientific inquiry, to develop understandings of science content.
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